The series of record-breaking temperatures continues as scientists have declared last month the hottest May in human history. This marks the twelfth consecutive month that has set a record for high temperatures.
Continuous Record-Breaking Heat
Prior to this, the months from June 2023 to April 2024 were also recorded as the hottest in human history. In May 2024, the average global temperature was 1.52 degrees Celsius higher than pre-industrial levels. Additionally, compared to the average temperatures from 1991 to 2020, May 2024 was 0.65 degrees Celsius warmer.
Overall, this is the eleventh consecutive month where the global average temperature has exceeded pre-industrial levels by 1.5 degrees Celsius.
Paris Agreement and Rising Temperatures
It’s important to recall that the 2015 Paris Agreement aimed to limit global temperature increases to below 1.5 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels. This means that the global temperature has temporarily surpassed the limit set by the Paris Agreement, prompting experts to anticipate the worst effects of climate change.
During May, temperatures exceeded 40 degrees Celsius in several countries around the world. In Asia, including Pakistan, heatwaves intensified the scorching temperatures.
Expert Insights
Carlo Buontempo, Director of the European Climate Agency, stated that it is not surprising that the last 12 months have been the warmest on record. He noted that the global average temperature over the past 12 months was 1.63 degrees Celsius higher than pre-industrial levels and 0.75 degrees Celsius higher than the average from 1991 to 2020.
Buontempo warned that if conditions do not improve, the months currently considered the hottest may seem relatively “cool” in the future. However, if greenhouse gas emissions are controlled, it could help bring temperatures down in the future.
Potential Cooling with La Niña
The upcoming months might see a slight cooling due to the transition from El Niño to La Niña. El Niño is a climatic phenomenon that causes the Pacific Ocean’s waters to become significantly warmer than usual, leading to an increase in global temperatures. Conversely, during La Niña, the waters of the eastern Pacific cool down, which can slightly cool the global climate.
According to predictions from U.S. agencies, La Niña is expected to begin between July and September.
Impact of Extreme Temperatures
The increasing temperatures have significant impacts on various aspects of life and the environment. Heatwaves can lead to health problems, including heatstroke and dehydration, especially in vulnerable populations such as the elderly and children. Agricultural productivity can also suffer due to extreme heat, affecting food security.
Addressing Climate Change
Addressing climate change requires global cooperation and significant efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Transitioning to renewable energy sources, improving energy efficiency, and implementing sustainable agricultural practices are crucial steps. Additionally, raising awareness and encouraging individual actions to reduce carbon footprints can collectively contribute to mitigating the effects of climate change.
Conclusion
The continuous rise in global temperatures and the record-breaking heat waves highlight the urgent need for action against climate change. The temporary surpassing of the Paris Agreement’s temperature limit serves as a stark reminder of the potential consequences if measures are not taken to control greenhouse gas emissions. The future of the planet depends on immediate and sustained efforts to address this global crisis.